Виды семьи (nuclear family, extended family, one-parent- family), проблемы, существующие в каждой семье и их возможные решения

Family is an essential part of every person’s life and of our society. Family is a little world with its own values and priorities. Close families share dreams, ideas, hopes and even possessions, and it’s a good side of being a family.

However, as usual, every good thing can have its drawbacks. Same with families: they can often have different types of problems. One of the most frequent and common problems is the misunderstanding between parents and children, due to the difference of generations. This problem is especially acute with teenagers, who want to have more freedom, to express their self-identity in a way they want to. They can also gradually develop different values and interests which conflict with those of their parents.

Types of families.

1) Nuclear family

• The nuclear family consists of one man, wife and children living in the household. According to the Saami women, the nuclear family clearly has a stronger role as an everyday source of assistance. The most striking change is the dramatic reduction in the size of the representative nuclear family. Extended family was broken into nuclear family. Despite the emergence of nuclear family structures, the extended family system still represents a dominant family structure throughout the country. The popularity system has virtually crushed the strong traditional bond between grandchildren and grandmothers. A vertically extended nuclear family comprises a family nucleus with one or more related persons not of the same generation.

Problems

Unfortunately, the family does not widely use such sources of additional income as: renting out housing, cottages, land, livestock, durable goods, cars, boats, and other property; purchasing and using securities with their own money and operating them (shares, bonds, bills, certificates) , etc. This is due, firstly, to the fact that most families do not have the appropriate available funds; secondly, insufficient awareness of the possibility of deposits and receiving dividends on them; and thirdly, insufficient knowledge about the possibility of purchasing securities and their most profitable use. The demographic situation in the country continues to deteriorate. With the transition to market relations, the General standard of living of the population has significantly decreased. There may be problems of a pedagogical nature, contradictions in the upbringing of children. Different generations of relatives have different understanding of it, which often leads to conflicts and misunderstandings. Families living under the same roof may have problems with restricted mobility and freedom of movement, actions in the living space. It is also possible to replace roles, for example, by the oldest man in the house, who claims to be the dominant role, which may not always coincide with the views of the younger generation on this issue. There may be contradictions on this ground.

2) Extended family

• The extended family structure consists of two or more adults who are related, either by blood or marriage, living in the same home. This family includes many relatives living together and working toward common goals, such as raising the children and keeping up with the household duties. Many extended families include cousins, aunts or uncles and grandparents living together. This type of family structure may

form due to financial difficulties or because older relatives are unable to care for themselves alone. Extended families are becoming increasingly common all over the world.

Problems

Financial: the income is low, mainly the salary of young professionals and elderly pensioners. Housing: the lack of separate rooms, which is especially difficult for the elderly due to health problems, it is difficult for them to be in the same room with their grandchildren, who have to be restricted in mobility, games-hence conflicts often arise.

3) One-parent- family

• One parent and his/her children
• Occurs from divorce death or leaving of a parent never having been married.
• Can be rewarding as well as challenging
• Juggle all the responsibility (work and home).

In the USA about 14 per cent of all families with dependent children have only one parent. A one-parent family may be headed by a divorced father or mother, by a widow or a widower, by a married woman separated from her husband. Or it may be headed by an unmarried woman

Problems may result from remarriages by divorced or widowed people. Such remarriages create the blended family of wife, husband and each of their own children. Quarrels between the new couple over their children are sources of conflict and new divorces. Children by former marriage naturally have mixed feelings about their new family. They become painfully certain that their biological parents will not be reunited. Children who were very close to the single parent may feel displaced and jealous because the stepparent has a special and private relationship with their biological parent. Many families may receive help with some of their problems by consulting a trained family counselor, a member of the clergy, a social worker, or a psychologist. Many such specialists use a technique called family therapy. They meet with the entire family as a group to help them work out their problems together. Various public welfare agencies offer guidance and economic aid. Other organizations counsel family members who have specific problems, for instance, help teenagers who have an alcoholic parent. Other groups aid runaway children or battered children and wives. Some people tend to view the family as separate from society. They think all family problems can be solved by dealing only with the family. They fail to realize that the family is part of society and that society influences family life. Such social problems as drugs, poor housing, and unemployment directly affect family life.

Increasingly, sociologists are finding that alcoholism, child abuse, runaway children, unhappy marriages and certain other family problems are related to problems in society. They believe that such family problems can be reduced by dealing with the social conditions that help promote them. For example, programs that create new jobs, improve housing, or restrict drug traffic help support family life. With such programs, the family is no longer solely responsible for overcoming all the social problems that affect it.