Civil law

I will begin my essay with a definition of civil law. Civil law is a term applied to a legal tradition that goes back to the Ancient World and to modern legal systems based on this tradition.

Civil law is a branch of law that unites legal norms governing property, as well as related and unrelated personal non-property relations arising between different organizations and citizens, as well as between individual citizens.

Civil law systems were originally developed in Western European countries. They soon spread throughout the world. The term "Civil Law" applies to all legal areas that are not criminal.

For example, property law, inheritance law, consumer law, etc.

In civil law, there are basic civil law institutes - these are contracts, property, entrepreneurship, inheritance, property, etc.

Examples of civil law laws include laws governing marriage, contracts, or payment for personal injury.

The most obvious feature of the civil law system is the existence of a written law code. The Civil Code of the Russian Federation is a federal law of the Russian Federation that regulates civil law relations, which takes precedence over other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts in the field of civil law.

Similar codes exist in many countries, but they are always intended for social regulation.

Civil law refers to private law. Private law includes the rules governing civil and commercial relations, as well as marriage, divorce and contractual relations.

In many countries with civil law systems, two sets of courts exist-those that hear public law cases and those that address matters of private law.

The role of judges in civil law jurisdictions differs considerably from that of judges in common law systems. When different facts or new considerations arise, common law judges are free to depart from precedent and establish new law. The civil law tradition views judges as government officials who perform essential but uncreative functions. Civil law judges administer the codes that are written by legal scholars and enacted by legislators. They may also consult legal treatises on the issue in question. The civil law system assumes that there is only one correct solution to a specific legal problem. Therefore, judges are not expected to use judicial discretion or to apply their own interpretation to a case.

The meaning of civil law is as follows:

1. It contributes to the formation of civil society.

2. Aimed at ensuring human interests - protecting the property and personal rights of a citizen.

3. Carries out legal regulation of the market economy.